Amorphous refractories, tseem hu ua bulk refractories, yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom loj thiab cov hmoov zoo, thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau hlawv lossis tsim ua ntej siv. Nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws li kev xav tau, xws li cov khoom sib xyaw thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom siv refractory; Hom thiab tus nqi ntawm binder; Kev xaiv thiab kev hloov kho ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw (xws li plasticizers, hardeners, retarders, dej txo cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam) thiab ntau hom kev tsim kho (pouring, tamping, spraying, projection, plastics, thiab lwm yam) tau ua rau lub cib zoo li refractory. ib kauj ruam loj mus rau qhov loj-scale, profiled thiab integrated qauv, uas yog hu ua lub thib ob tiam ntawm refractory.
Amorphous refractory yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv kev siv cov txheej txheem refractory hauv kev lag luam kub kub. Refractory castable yog ib yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo li refractory. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog tias nws muaj lub voj voog luv luv, tsis txwv los ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha yam tsis muaj calcining ua ntej, thiab cov khoom sib tov xoob yog sib xyaw nrog cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev tsim thiab ci rau ntawm qhov chaw. Refractory castables tuaj yeem siv los ua seamless linings, tseem hu ua ib qho refractories. Amorphous refractories xws li siab alumina castables, siab alumina Low Cement Castables, steel fiber hnav-resistant castables thiab corundum castables tau lug siv nyob rau hauv lub hauv ob sab phlu tsim ntawm cement kilns. Tau ntau xyoo, lawv tau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem refractory ntawm cov khoom siv thermal hauv ntau qhov chaw.
1. Kev faib tawm ntawm amorphous refractories
1) Cov khoom siv grouting
Ib hom khoom siv zoo fluidity tom qab sib tov nrog dej, tseem hu ua pouring khoom. Tom qab molding, nws yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo kom nws coagulate thiab harden. Nws tuaj yeem siv tom qab ci raws li qee qhov system. Grouting cov ntaub ntawv yog txhuas silicate clinker, corundum khoom los yog alkaline refractory clinker li aggregates; Cov khoom siv lub teeb-hnyav grouting siv nthuav dav perlite, vermiculite, ceramsite thiab alumina hollow npas ua ib pawg. Tus neeg sawv cev khi yog calcium aluminate cement, dej iav, ethyl silicate, polyaluminum chloride, av nplaum los yog phosphate, thiab lwm yam. Cov additive nyob ntawm kev siv, thiab nws txoj haujlwm yog los txhim kho kev tsim kho thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg.
Cov txheej txheem molding ntawm cov ntaub ntawv grouting muaj xws li kev vibration txoj kev, lub twj tso kua mis txhaj tshuaj, txoj kev txhaj tshuaj siab, txoj kev tshuaj tsuag, thiab lwm yam. Grouting cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau siv ua ke nrog hlau los yog ceramic anchors los ua tag nrho hauv ob sab phlu. Yog hais tias ntxiv nrog stainless hlau fiber ntau, nws cov neeg kho tshuab kev co kuj thiab thermal shock kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho. Cov khoom siv grouting yog siv los ua cov txheej txheem ntawm ntau yam kev kho cua sov rauv, ore roasting furnaces, catalytic cracking furnaces, conversion furnaces, thiab lwm yam, thiab kuj yog cov hauv ob sab phlu ntawm smelting furnaces thiab high-temperature yaj launders, xws li lead-zinc melting furnaces. , tin da dej, ntsev da dej rauv, tapping lossis hlau tapping tank, steel thoob, suction nozzles ntawm molten steel nqus tsev degassing li, thiab lwm yam.
2) Yas
Av nplaum los yog adobe nrog plasticity. Thaum tsim nyog sab nraud quab yuam yog siv, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau deform yam tsis muaj cracking; Tom qab tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab, nws yuav tsis deform. Cov ntaub ntawv yas muaj xws li semisiliceous, clayey, siab alumina, zircon, carbon, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv yas. Tab sis cov yas yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog cov ntaub ntawv yas, feem ntau yog cov av nplaum siab, thiab cov yas yas kuj tseem siv tau los txhim kho cov yas ntawm cov av nplaum no. Plasticizers muaj xws li carboxymethyl cellulose, dextrin, lignosulfonate, thiab lwm yam. Cov binders siv rau plastics muaj xws li yas av nplaum, phosphoric acid, aluminium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminium sulfate, thiab lwm yam. Aluminium oxide yas nrog phosphoric acid los yog phosphate binding tus neeg saib xyuas yuav hnov mob nrog txhuas oxide thaum lub sij hawm cia. tsim insoluble aluminium orthophosphate thiab harden cov av nkos. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov khoom noj xws li oxalic acid, citric acid, acetylacetone, thiab lwm yam.
Txoj kev tsim kho feem ntau yog siv txoj kev tamping lossis txoj kev vibration. Thaum tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas nrog cov yas, hlau lossis ceramic anchors yuav tsum tau nruab. Yas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov hauv ob sab phlu ntawm cov pits, cua sov rauv, boilers thiab lwm yam khoom siv thermal, thiab kuj tseem siv los qhwv cov kav dej txias ntawm cov cua sov.
3) Cov khoom siv phom
Ib qho hluav taws kub-resistant sib tov siv rau phom los yog tshuaj tsuag nrog lub sprayer. Raws li txoj kev phom sij, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua phom ntub (lossis slurry gunning), semi qhuav gunning thiab hluav taws (nplaim) phom. Cov phom ntub dej siv cov cua compressed los tsuag cov av nkos uas muaj 20 ~ 40 feem pua ntawm cov hmoov hluav taws-resistant, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov pos huab dispersion, siab adhesion npaum li cas, thiab ntau yam zoo li nyias-txheej phom. Semi qhuav rab phom yog ntxiv dej ntawm lub nozzle kom ntub cov hmoov refractory sprayed los ntawm compressed cua. Tus nqi ntawm cov dej ntxiv yog 11 ~ 14 feem pua, thiab qhov adhesion yog tsawg, yog li nws tuaj yeem raug phom rau hauv txheej tuab. Kev tua hluav taws yog rau kev tua phom qhuav. Cov khoom siv phom yog xa mus rau cov nplaim hluav taws ntawm cov pa oxygen spray phom, thiab cov khoom siv phom yog ib nrab yaj hauv cov nplaim taws nozzle thiab txuas nrog lub cib hauv ob sab phlu.
Cov khoom siv phom muaj xws li txhuas silicon, aluminium silicon zirconium, magnesium, magnesium calcium, magnesium chromium, thiab lwm yam. Cov binders siv muaj xws li sodium silicate, phosphate, polyphosphate, asphalt, resin, thiab lwm yam. thiab lwm yam additives ntxiv. Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv phom, sintering pab xws li serpentine, ntshiab olivine, txiv qaub, refractory av nplaum, hlau oxide, thiab lwm yam.
4) Hluav taws kub resistant txheej
Cov khoom siv rau refractory cib hauv ob sab phlu. Raws li kev siv sib txawv thiab kev tsim kho, cov txheej txheem hluav taws kub-resistant tuaj yeem npaj ua cov av nkos thiab av nkos. Cov binders siv sib txawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv, xws li phosphate, polyphosphate thiab magnesium sulfate los npaj alkaline coatings rau nruam casting tundish; Av nplaum, aluminium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminium chromium phosphate, iav dej, thiab lwm yam yog siv los npaj cov txheej txheem alumina siab. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheej smearability, cov khoom ntxiv xws li plasticizers feem ntau ntxiv. Cov txheej yog tsuas yog siv los tiv thaiv txheej rau hauv ob sab phlu ntawm ntau yam khoom siv thermal, los yog kho cov kev puas tsuaj hauv zos ntawm cib hauv ob sab phlu.
5) Cov khoom siv ramming
Cov khoom siv xoob refractory nrog tsawg heev los yog tsis muaj plasticity. Cov ntaub ntawv yog siliceous, clayey, siab alumina, corundum, zircon, silicon carbide, carbon, magnesium, thiab lwm yam. soluble dextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose, lignin, sulfonate, polyvinyl cawv; Paraffin wax, asphalt, tar, phenolic resin, random polypropylene, thiab lwm yam nrog dej tsis kam thiab thermal plasticity.
Cov khoom siv ramming txais yuav raug yuam ramming tsim, nrog tsawg porosity thiab siab ceev. Yog li ntawd, ntawm cov khoom siv amorphous refractory, cov khoom siv ramming yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau hauv ob sab phlu ntawm smelting rauv thiab ntau lub thawv uas muaj kub kub hlau yaj. Xws li qhib hearth thiab hluav taws xob cub hluav taws xob, ntau yam induction rauv linings, moj tej tawg rauv tappings, steel thoob, thiab lwm yam.
6) Projective khoom
Ib tug semi qhuav av nkos uas yog projected thiab lined los ntawm ib tug projector. Nws yog tsuas yog siv los tsim cov hauv ob sab phlu ntawm lub nruas steel. Cov ntaub ntawv yog siliceous, waxstone, clayey, siab alumina thiab zircon. High silicon thiab siab aluminium projectiles yog dav siv.
2. Kev siv cov amorphous refractories
1) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm castable precast block
Lub precast thaiv ntawm castable tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kho cua sov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yog ib qho qis-carbon thiab ntsuab refractory thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb technology nyob rau hauv refractory hauv ob sab phlu technology. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv refractory, txo cov khoom siv refractory, muaj kev ruaj khov zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha. Peb paub tias lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxiv cov hlau fiber ntau rau cov castable yog los txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov castable, inhibit qhov tsim ntawm cov kab nrib pleb lossis txwv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov kab nrib pleb thaum lawv tsim. Daim duab hauv qab no qhia txog steel fiber ntau castable. Lub steel fiber castable precast thaiv yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Ua ib yam dab tsi raws li tus txheej txheem txoj hauj lwm thiab cov kev xav tau, thiab ua kev kho cua sov raws li nws cov kev ua hauj lwm tom qab demoulding.
